2002 - 2014 POLLUTANTS OF CONCERN - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Acetaldehyde
Mobile sources are the primary contributor of acetaldehyde emissions. Outdoor concentrations are also greatly impacted by secondary formation. For additional information on the sources of emissions as described by USEPA click here.
For health effects of acetaldehyde click here.
To view NJDEP’s County Risk Ratio Tables click here
To view a comparison of modeled concentrations to monitored concentrations click here.
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Acrolein
The majority of acrolein comes from Secondary Formation in the atmosphere. Area sources and On-road mobile sources also account for a large percentage of acrolein emissions in New Jersey. For additional information on the sources of emissions as described by USEPA click here.
For health effects of acrolein click here.
To view NJDEP’s County Risk Ratio Tables click here
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Acrylonitrile
The primary exposure to acrylonitrile appears to be occupational, via the inhalation pathway. Acrylonitrile is primarily used in the manufacture of acrylic and modacrylic fibers. It is also used as a raw material in the manufacture of plastics, adiponitrile, acrylamide, and nitrile rubbers and barrier resins. Exposure to acrylonitrile in the air you breathe or the water you drink is unlikely when your place of living is not near a factory where acrylonitrile is made or near a hazardous waste site that contains acrylonitrile. For additional information on the sources of emissions as described by USEPA click here.
For health effects of acrylonitrile click here.
To view NJDEP’s County Risk Ratio Tables click here
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Arsenic Compounds
Arsenic emissions are primarily from burning of fuels and wstes from area and mobile sources, although background levels are significant. It is an element that is widely distributed in the earth's crust, and is released by volcanoes and mineral weathering. It is also emitted from commercial and industrial processes, including smelting of mineral ores.
For additional information on the sources of emissions as described by USEPA click here.
For health effects of Arsenic click here
To view NJDEP’s County Risk Ratio Tables click here
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Benzene
The primary contributors to benzene concentrations are mobile sources and background. Benzene is a component of gasoline and oil. It is also used industrially to make other chemicals, plastics, synthetic fibers and other products, and is ranked in the top 20 chemicals for production volume in the U.S. For additional information on the sources of emissions as described by USEPA click here. For health effects of benzene click here.
For health effects of benzene click here.
To view NJDEP’s County Risk Ratio Tables click here
To view a comparison of modeled concentrations to monitored concentrations click here.
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Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
The primary source of bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate emissions is background concentrations. Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate is commonly used in the manufacture of plastic products. Due to its wide use, volatility, and persistence, bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate is widely distributed in the environment.
For health effects of bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, also known as di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, click here.
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1,3-Butadiene
1,3-butadiene is emitted primarily from on-road mobile sources although background levels are relatively high. It is found in gasoline, and is used in industry to make synthetic rubber and plastics. For additional information on the sources of emissions as described by USEPA click here.
For health effects of 1,3-butadiene click here.
To view NJDEP’s County Risk Ratio Tables click here.
To view a comparison of modeled concentrations to monitored concentrations click here.
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Cadmium Compounds
Cadmium emissions come primarily from area sources and background. It is emitted by the burning of fossil fuels and waste. For additional information on the sources of emissions as described by USEPA click here.
For health effects of cadmium click here.
To view NJDEP’s County Risk Ratio Tables click here.
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Carbon Tetrachloride
Carbon tetrachloride is no longer used or emitted in New Jersey. It is being phased out under the U.S. Clean Air Act Amendments and the Montreal Protocol international agreement because of its contribution to the destruction of the stratospheric ozone layer. However, significant quantities of carbon tetrachloride remain in the air due to its long half-life. This residual level is represented in NATA as a background concentration. For additional information on the sources of emissions as described by USEPA click here.
For health effects of carbon tetrachloride click here.
To view NJDEP’s County Risk Ratio Tables click here.
To view a comparison of modeled concentrations to monitored concentrations click here.
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Chloroform
Chloroform does not react quickly in the atmosphere, so there are significant residual levels from emissions around the country that are represented in NATA as background concentrations. It is still used in the production of other chemicals, and is formed and released through chlorination of drinking water, wastewater and swimming pools. For additional information on the sources of emissions as described by USEPA click here.
For health effects of chloroform click here.
To view NJDEP’s County Risk Ratio Tables click here.
To view a comparison of modeled concentrations to monitored concentrations click here.
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Chromium VI
Chromium VI emissions (also known as hexavalent chromium) come primarily from point sources, mostly chromium electroplaters. There is also a significant contribution from Background concentrations. For additional information on the sources of emissions as described by USEPA click here.
For health effects of chromium VI click here.
To view NJDEP’s County Risk Ratio Tables click here.
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Cobalt
Cobalt is a naturally-occuring element that is used to make superalloys, pigments, catalysts, and lithium or nickel-cadmium batteries. It is emitted into the air primarily from fossil fuel and waste combustion; vehicular and aircraft exhaust; processing of alloys; copper and nickel smelting and refining; and the manufacture and use of cobalt chemicals and fertilizers.
For health effects of Cobalt click here.
To view NJDEP’s County Risk Ratio Tables click here.
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1,4-Dichlorobenzene
The primary source of 1,4-dichlorobenzene emissions is area sources. It can be found in products such as mothballs and toilet deodorizer blocks.
For health effects of 1,4-dichlorobenzene click here.
To view NJDEP’s County Risk Ratio Tables click here.
To view a comparison of modeled concentrations to monitored concentrations click here.
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1,3-Dichloropropene
1,3-dichloropropene is emitted from area sources. It is used primarily as a soil fumigant and agricultural pesticide. For additional information on the sources of emissions as described by USEPA click here.
For health effects of 1,3-dichloropropene click here.
To view NJDEP’s County Risk Ratio Tables click here.
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Diesel Particulate Matter (PM)
More information on diesel PM can be found by clicking here. The primary sources of diesel PM are emissions from on-road and nonroad mobile sources. For additional information on the sources of emissions as described by USEPA click here.
For health effects of diesel PM click here.
To view NJDEP’s County Risk Ratio Tables click here.
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Ethylbenzene
Ethylbenzene is emitted primarily from gasoline engines. It is naturally found in coal tar, petroleum and in manufactured products such as inks, pesticides, and paints. It is used to make other chemicals such as styrene, and in solvents and fuels.
For additional information on the sources of emissions as described by USEPA click here.
For health effects of ethylbenzene click here.
To view NJDEP’s County Risk Ratio Tables click here.
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Ethylene Dibromide
Emissions of ethylene dibromide, also known as 1,2-dibromoethane, are rare. However, significant quantities of ethylene dibromide remain in the air due to its long half-life. This residual level is represented in NATA as background concentrations. The primary source of ethylene dibromide emissions is almost exclusively background. For additional information on background concentrations, click here.
For additional information on the sources of emissions as described by USEPA click here.
For health effects of ethylene dibromide click here.
To view NJDEP’s County Risk Ratio Tables click here.
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Ethylene Dichloride
Emissions of ethylene dichloride, also known as 1,2-dichloroethane, are small. However, significant quantities of ethylene dichloride remain in the air due to its long half-life. This residual level is represented in NATA as a background concentration. The primary source of ethylene dichloride emissions is background. For additional information on background, click here.
For additional information on the sources of emissions as described by USEPA click here.
For health effects of ethylene dichloride click here.
To view NJDEP’s County Risk Ratio Tables click here.
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Ethylene Oxide
The primary source of ethylene oxide emissions is area sources, primarily commercial and hospital sterilizers. It is also used as a chemical intermediate in manufacturing. A significant amount is now attributable to background concentrations. For additional information on the sources of emissions as described by USEPA click here.
For health effects of ethylene oxide click here.
To view NJDEP’s County Risk Ratio Tables click here.
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Formaldehyde
Formaldehyde is mostly formed in the atmosphere from chemicals released from mobile and other sources. It does not degrade quickly, so there is a significant contribution from background concentrations and secondary formation. For additional information on the sources of emissions as described by USEPA click here.
For health effects of formaldehyde click here.
To view NJDEP’s County Risk Ratio Tables click here.
To view a comparison of modeled concentrations to monitored concentrations click here.
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Hydrazine
Individuals may be exposed to hydrazine in the workplace or to small amounts in tobacco smoke. Hydrazine is used in agricultural chemicals (pesticides), chemical blowing agents, pharmaceutical intermediates, photography chemicals, boiler water treatment for corrosion protection, textile dyes, and as fuel for rockets and spacecraft. Accidental discharge into water, air, and soil may occur during storage, handling, transport, and improper waste disposal. However, hydrazine rapidly degrades in the environment and is rarely encountered. For additional information on the sources of emissions as described by USEPA click here.
For health effects of hydrazine click here.
To view NJDEP’s County Risk Ratio Tables click here.
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Methyl Chloride (Chloromethane)
Outdoor concentrations of methyl chloride are mostly attributable background levels. Some is produced by industry, but it is also formed from combustion, and the breakdown of plastic waste.
For health effects of methyl chloride, also known as Chloromethane, click here.
To view NJDEP’s County Risk Ratio Tables click here.
To view a comparison of modeled concentrations to monitored concentrations click here.
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Methyl Tert-Butyl Ether (MTBE)
MTBE was used as an additive for unleaded gasolines to achieve more efficient burning, and was therefore emitted primarily from mobile sources. It was omitted from gasoline in 2006.
For health effects of MTBE click here.
To view NJDEP’s County Risk Ratio Tables click here.
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Naphthalene
Naphthalene emissions are mainly from area sources, such as combustion of wood, tobacco, and fossil fuels. Its major consumer use is in moth repellants and toilet deodorant blocks. It is also used in the manufacture of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastics.
For health effects of naphthalene click here.
To view NJDEP’s County Risk Ratio Tables click here.
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Nickel Compounds
The primary sources of nickel oxide emissions are mobile sources. For additional information on the sources of emissions as described by USEPA click here.
For health effects of nickel click here.
To view NJDEP’s County Risk Ratio Tables click here.
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PAH/POM (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/Organic Matter)
POM is defined as a broad class of compounds that includes another group, the PAHs. Air emissions come from diverse sources of incomplete combustion, such as vehicle exhaust, forest and wildfires, asphalt roads, coal, coal tar, coke ovens, agricultural burning, residential wood burning, and hazardous waste sites. Because of limited emissions and toxicity data, for NATA PAH/POM have been grouped based on their toxicity. For additional information on the sources of emissions as described by USEPA click here.
For health effects of PAH's click here.
To view NJDEP’s County Risk Ratio Tables click here.
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Perchloroethylene
Perchloroethylene is emitted mostly from dry cleaning. Since perchloroethylene does not degrade quickly in the atmosphere, there is also a contribution from background concentrations. For additional information on the sources of emissions as described by USEPA click here.
For health effects of perchloroethylene, also known as tetrachloroethylene, click here.
To view NJDEP’s County Risk Ratio Tables click here.
To view a comparison of modeled concentrations to monitored concentrations click here.
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Trichloroethylene
Most of the trichloroethylene used in the United States is released into the atmosphere from industrial degreasing operations. Exposure to trichloroethylene may happen to workers in the factories where it is manufactured or used, and to persons breathing air around these factories. Persons may also be exposed to trichloroethylene through the use of products containing the chemical and from evaporation and leaching from waste disposal sites. It is also an ingredient in adhesives, paint removers, typewriter correction fluids, and spot removers. Trichloroethylene is not thought to occur naturally in the environment. However, it has been found in underground water sources and many surface waters as a result of the manufacture, use, and disposal of the chemical. For additional information on the sources of emissions as described by USEPA click here.
For health effects of trichloroethylene click here.
To view NJDEP’s County Risk Ratio Tables click here.
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1,1,2-Trichloroethane
1,1,2-trichloroethane is used as a solvent and chemical intermediate in industry. However, the largest source of emissions in New Jersey appears to be volatilization from wastewater and municipal sewage treatment plants.
For health effects of 1,1,2-trichloroethane click here.
To view NJDEP’s County Risk Ratio Tables click here.
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1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
The primary source of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane emissions is background concentrations. For additional information on the sources of emissions as described by USEPA click here.
For health effects of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane click here.
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Vinyl chloride
The primary source of Vinyl chloride emissions is Point sources. For additional information on the sources of emissions as described by USEPA click here.
For health effects of Vinyl chloride click here.
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