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Descriptive Statement:
Thinking in spatial terms is essential to knowing
and applying geography. It enables students to take an
active, questioning approach to the world around them
and to ask what, where, when, and why questions about
people, places and environments and to formulate answers
to critical questions about past, present, and future
patterns of spatial organization, and to anticipate the
results of events in different locations. Thinking spatially,
students learn to devise their own mental maps, which
relationships and students' perceptions and attitudes
about the area. Thinking spatially enables students to
predict what might happen given specific conditions. Spatial
concepts and generalizations are powerful tools for explaining
the world at all levels, from local to global. They are
the foundation for geographical understanding.
Building upon knowledge and skills gained in the preceding
grades, by the end of grade 12, students: |
Descriptive Statement:
Students need to understand the interaction of human
and environmental factors. The study of human systems
includes the characteristics, distribution, and migration
of human populations on the earth's surface; the characteristics,
distribution and complexity of the earth's cultures; patterns
and networks of economic interdependence; processes, patterns,
and functions of human settlement; and how cooperation
and conflict influence the division and control of the
earth's surface.
Building upon knowledge and skills gained in the preceding
grades, by the end of grade 12, students: |
Descriptive Statement:
Students should learn how people are able to live
in various kinds of physical environments by developing
patterns of spatial organization that take advantage of
opportunities and avoid or minimize limitations.
Building upon knowledge and skills gained in the preceding
grades, by the end of grade 12, students: |
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Cumulative Progress Indicators
| 11. |
Use and interpret maps
and other graphical representations to analyze, explain,
and solve geographical problems. |
| 12. |
Use maps of physical
and human characteristics of the world to answer complex
geographical questions. |
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Cumulative Progress
Indicators
| 12. |
Predict trends in world
population numbers and patterns. |
| 13. |
Analyze the impact of
human migration on physical and human systems. |
| 14. |
Analyze and compare
the functions and spatial arrangement of cities locally
and globally. |
| 15. |
Analyze the processes
that change urban structure, and the impact of changes
in urban areas. |
| 16. |
Explain the historical
movement pattern of people and goods, and analyze
the bases for increasing global interdependence. |
| 17. |
Explain how physical,
social, cultural, and economic processes shape the
features of places and regions. |
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Cumulative Progress
Indicators
| 6. |
Evaluate
policies and programs related to the use of resources
locally and globally. |
| 7. |
Draw conclusions regarding
the global impact of human modification of the environment. |
| 8. |
Evaluate the environmental
consequences of technological change in human history. |
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