New In This Update

• First human tested positive for West Nile Virus.
• Two new horses have tested positive for West Nile Virus.
• More crows and mosquito pools have tested positive for the presence of West Nile Virus. See “Crow Testing” and “Mosquito Testing,” below.

Human Testing

• To date, 56 New Jersey residents have been approved for WNV testing. One human in Cumberland County has tested positive, twenty-nine have tested negative, twelve are pending, and the samples have not yet been received for the remainder. Blood and/or spinal fluid samples from these individuals were tested for the presence of WNV. These individuals either had symptoms or signs that met the established WNV testing criteria.

• Human testing for WNV is being conducted at the New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services’ Public Health and Environmental Laboratory in Trenton and at public health labs in other states. Testing results are sent to the CDC for confirmation.

Crow Testing

• To date 452 crows have been submitted for testing by the Department of Health and Senior Services Public Health and Environmental Laboratory. Of those tested, 110 crows found in 17 counties have been confirmed positive for the presence of WNV. Positive crows have been found in Atlantic (15), Bergen (1), Burlington (5), Camden (7), Cape May (1), Cumberland (5), Gloucester (9), Hunterdon (9), Middlesex (6), Monmouth (7), Morris (3), Ocean (26), Passaic (4), Salem (6), Somerset (4), Union (1), and Warren (5) counties.
  

Mosquito Testing

• To date, 4,525 mosquito pools have been tested for the presence of WNV, and 48 positive pools have been found in Atlantic (4), Bergen (5), Burlington (2), Camden (1), Gloucester (10), Hunterdon (3), Mercer (3), Middlesex (3), *Monmouth (1), Morris (4), Ocean (1), Passaic (3), Somerset (2), Sussex (1), Union (2), and Warren (3) counties.
  
• Note: The Monmouth positive was from a pool collected on 1/18/2003, and represents WNV infection from last year.

• To date three horses have tested positive for the presence of WNV; they were found in 2 counties: Gloucester (2), and Camden (1).
  
• Equine testing is conducted by the New Jersey Department of Agriculture’s animal health laboratory in Trenton and positive results are sent to the National Veterinary Services Lab (NVSL) in Ames, Iowa for confirmation. For more information, visit the Department of Agriculture web site at,www.state.nj.us/agriculture.
  

Additional Information & Advisories

• The risk of WNV infection has increased with the arrival of summer and people should take steps now to eliminate mosquito-breeding areas around their homes and protect themselves and their families from infection.

• Among the personal precautions residents can take now are such measures as eliminating standing water on their own property (such as clearing clogged gutters, draining flower pots, recycling old car tires, etc.), and repairing window and door screens. In the spring, summer, and fall residents can spray insect repellent on their clothing and exposed skin in accordance with labeling directions, wear long sleeved shirts and pants when outdoors, or curb outdoor activities at dawn, dusk and during the evening.

• The West Nile virus, an arboviral disease, is transmitted through the bite of a mosquito that has picked up the virus by feeding on an infected bird. WNV is not directly transmitted from birds to humans. WNV infection generally causes no symptoms or just mild, flu-like symptoms; however, the elderly are at higher risk of more severe disease.

• In New Jersey, a total of 43 people have been diagnosed with WNV between 1999 and 2002. Lab testing confirmed WNV infection in these residents, with two resulting fatalities. WNV activity (identified from avian, equine and/or mosquito surveillance) has been detected in every county in New Jersey.

• New Jersey's WNV surveillance, control and prevention activities involve the coordinated efforts of a number of federal, state and local agencies. These include the New Jersey Departments of Health and Senior Services, Environmental Protection, and Agriculture, the CDC, the State Mosquito Control Commission, the Rutgers Mosquito Research and Control Unit, and local health and mosquito control agencies.