TABLE OF CONTENTS

PREFACE PREFACE to the PREVIOUS  VERSIONS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I. INTRODUCTION A. Leaves and Yard Trimmings B. Current Management Practices and Options for Leaves and Grass 1. Source Reduction/Yard Trimming Management Options a. Backyard Composting b. "Grass: Cut It and Leave It." c. Backyard Mulching 2. Composting (Municipal) 3. Farmland "Mulching C. "Historic or Previous Management Strategies 1. Open Burning 2. Landfilling 3. Incineration II. DESCRIPTIONS OF PROCESS AND PRODUCT A. Composting (the Process) B. Compost (the Product) III. UNDERLYING SCIENTIFIC PRINCIPLES A. Temperature B. Oxygen C. Windrow Size and Turning D. Water E. pH F. Inorganic Nutrients G. Microorganisms H. Leaf Type I. Pregrinding IV. FACILITY SITING AND PREPARATION A. Public Participation B. Permits C. Area Requirement D. BufferZone E. Location F. Stream Encroachment and Water Pollution G. Slope and Grading H. Percolation 1. Water Table J. Water Supply K. Security L. On-Site Roads/Access Roads M. Fire Safety N. Other Safely Considerations 0. Training

V. APPROPRIATE LEVEL OF TECHNOLOGY A. Minimal Technology B. Low-Level Technology 1. Site Preparation 2. Delivery of Leaves 3. Wetting 4. Forming Windrows (recommended low-level technology) 5. Combining Windrows 6. Turning Windrows 7. Curing 8. Shredding or Screening C. Intermediate-Level Technology D. High-Level Technology VI. MANAGEMENT OF OTHER YARD WASTES A. Grass Clippings B. Woody Materials C. Other Organic Materials VII. POTENTIAL PROBLEMS AND THEIR SOLUTIONS A. Odor B. Leachate C. Inadequate Composting Rate D. Bags E. Aspergillus Fumigatus F. Toxic Contaminants G. Other Potential Problems H. Technical Assistance VIII. USES OF LEAF AND YARD TRIMMINGS COMPOST GLOSSARY APPENDICES      A. Site Capacity, Buffer Zone, and Water Requirement Calculations B. Leaf Composting Summary fo Field Personnel Incomplete C. Yard Trimmings/Recyclable Construction and Demolition Materials Collection Log (TG-2A)(NJDEP, DSHKM Incomplete D. Key County and State Offices Incomplete ADDENDUM - THE ECONOMICS OF LEAF COMPOSTING By Donn A. Derr, Ph.D. Incomplete

BIBLIOGRAPHY TABLES 1. Appropriate Leaf Composting Technology 2. Generalized Schedule, and Equipment and Manpower Requirements for a Moderate Sized (1 5,000 cubic yard) Low-Level Technology Leaf Composting Operation 3. Problems Encountered a Leaf Composting Sites