The Elementary and Secondary School Emergency Relief Fund (ESSER) was established as part of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act in March 2020. CARES provided direct funding to states and districts to address the impact COVID-19 has had, and continues to have, on elementary and secondary schools across the nation. In December 2020, ESSER II was created through enactment of the Coronavirus Response and Relief Supplemental Appropriations Act (CRRSA). As with the initial ESSER Fund established by the CARES Act, the core purpose of the ESSER II Fund is to provide direct money to states and districts to address the areas most impacted by the disruption and closure of schools caused by COVID-19. In March 2021, The American Rescue Plan Elementary and Secondary School Emergency Relief (ARP ESSER) Fund was enacted. ARP ESSER provides direct aid to states and districts to help safely reopen and sustain the safe operation of schools and address the impact of COVID-19 on schools.

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