Official Site of The State of New Jersey
K–8 Mathematics Content Emphases
This webpage shows where students and teachers should spend more time, relative to other clusters, in order to meet the expectations of the 2023 New Jersey Student Learning Standards for Mathematics.
Some clusters of standards were written to require greater emphasis than others. This varied emphasis is based on the depth of the mathematical ideas in the cluster, the time that they take to master, and/or their importance to future mathematics or the demands of college and career readiness. More time in these particular areas is also necessary for students to meet the Standards for Mathematical Practice. Therefore, not all content in a given grade is emphasized equally in the standards.
To say that some things have greater emphasis is not to say that anything in the Standards can be neglected or omitted in instruction. Neglecting material will leave gaps in student skill and understanding and may leave students unprepared for the challenges of a later grade.
Students should spend the majority of their time on the major work of the grade (M). Supporting work (S) and, where appropriate, additional work (A) can engage students in the major work of the grade.
Major, Supporting, and Additional Clusters
Emphases are given at the cluster level. Refer to the New Jersey Student Learning Standards for Mathematics for the specific standards that fall within each cluster.
Key: M — Major, S — Supporting Clusters, A — Additional Clusters
| Indicator | Type | Cluster Heading |
|---|---|---|
| K.CC.A | M | Know number names and the count sequence |
| K.CC.B | M | Count to tell the number of objects |
| K.CC.C | M | Compare numbers |
| K.OA.A | M | Understand addition as putting together and adding to, and understand subtraction as taking apart and taking from |
| K.NBT.A | M | Work with numbers 11–19 to gain foundations for place value |
| K.M.A | A | Describe and compare measurable attributes |
| K.M.B | A | Work with money |
| K.DL.A | S | Classify objects and count the number of objects in categories |
| K.G.A | A | Identify and describe shapes (squares, circles, triangles, rectangles, hexagons, cubes, cones, cylinders, and spheres) |
| K.G.B | S | Analyze, compare, create, and compose shapes |
Required Fluencies in Kindergarten
K.OA.A.5 Add and subtract within 5
Major, Supporting, and Additional Clusters
Emphases are given at the cluster level. Refer to the New Jersey Student Learning Standards for Mathematics for the specific standards that fall within each cluster.
Key: M — Major, S — Supporting Clusters, A — Additional Clusters
| Indicator | Type | Cluster Heading |
|---|---|---|
| 1.OA.A | M | Represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction |
| 1.OA.B | M | Understand and apply properties of operations and the relationship between addition and subtraction |
| 1.OA.C | M | Add and subtract within 20 |
| 1.OA.D | M | Work with addition and subtraction equations |
| 1.NBT.A | M | Extend the counting sequence |
| 1.NBT.B | M | Understand place value |
| 1.NBT.C | M | Use place value understanding and properties of operations to add and subtract |
| 1.M.A | M | Describe and compare measurable attributes |
| 1.M.B | A | Tell and write time |
| 1.M.C | S | Work with money |
| 1.DL.A | S | Represent and interpret data |
| 1.G.A | A | Reason with shapes and their attributes |
Required Fluencies in Grade 1
1.OA.C.6 Add and subtract within 10
Major, Supporting, and Additional Clusters
Emphases are given at the cluster level. Refer to the New Jersey Student Learning Standards for Mathematics for the specific standards that fall within each cluster.
Key: M — Major, S — Supporting Clusters, A — Additional Clusters
| Indicator | Type | Cluster Heading |
|---|---|---|
| 2.OA.A | M | Represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction |
| 2.OA.B | M | Add and subtract within 20 |
| 2.OA.C | S | Work with equal groups of objects to gain foundations for multiplication |
| 2.NBT.A | M | Understand place value |
| 2.NBT.B | M | Understand place value understanding and properties of operations to add and subtract |
| 2.M.A | M | Measure and estimate lengths in standard units |
| 2.M.B | M | Relate addition and subtraction to length |
| 2.M.C | S | Work with time and money |
| 2.DL.A | A | Understand concepts of data |
| 2.DL.B | S | Represent and interpret data |
| 2.G.A | A | Reason with shapes and their attributes |
Required Fluencies in Grade 2
2.OA.B.2 Add and subtract within 20 using mental strategies; Know single digit sums from memory
2.NBT.B.5 Add and subtract within 100
Major, Supporting, and Additional Clusters
Emphases are given at the cluster level. Refer to the New Jersey Student Learning Standards for Mathematics for the specific standards that fall within each cluster.
Key: M — Major, S — Supporting Clusters, A — Additional Clusters
| Indicator | Type | Cluster Heading |
|---|---|---|
| 3.OA.A | M | Represent and solve problems involving multiplication and division |
| 3.OA.B | M | Understand properties of multiplication and the relationship between multiplication and division |
| 3.OA.C | M | Multiply and divide within 100 |
| 3.OA.D | M | Solve arithmetic problems involving the 4 operations, and identify and explain patterns in arithmetic |
| 3.NBT.A | A | Use place value and properties of operations to perform multi-digit arithmetic |
| 3.NF.A | M | Develop understanding of fractions as numbers |
| 3.M.A | M | Solve problems involving measurement and estimation of intervals of time, liquid volumes, and masses of objects |
| 3.M.B | M | Understand concepts of area and relate area to multiplication and addition |
| 3.M.C | A | Recognize perimeter as an attribute of plane figures and distinguish between linear and area measurements |
| 3.DL.A | A | Understand data-based questions and data collection |
| 3.DL.B | S | Represent and interpret data |
| 3.G.A | S | Reason with shapes and their attributes |
Required Fluencies in Grade 3
3.OA.C.7 Multiply and divide within 100; Know single digit products from memory
3.NBT.A.2 Add and subtract within 1000
Major, Supporting, and Additional Clusters
Emphases are given at the cluster level. Refer to the New Jersey Student Learning Standards for Mathematics for the specific standards that fall within each cluster.
Key: M — Major, S — Supporting Clusters, A — Additional Clusters
| Indicator | Type | Cluster Heading |
|---|---|---|
| 4.OA.A | M | Use the four operations with whole numbers to solve problems |
| 4.OA.B | S | Gain familiarity with factors and multiples |
| 4.OA.C | A | Generate and analyze patterns |
| 4.NBT.A | M | Generalize place value understanding for multi-digit whole numbers |
| 4.NBT.B | M | Use place value understanding and properties of operations to perform multi-digit arithmetic |
| 4.NF.A | M | Develop understanding of fractions as numbers |
| 4.NF.B | M | Build fractions from unit fractions by applying and extending previous understandings of operations on whole numbers |
| 4.NF.C | M | Understand decimal notation for fractions, and compare decimal fractions |
| 4.M.A | S | Solve problems involving measurement and conversion of measurement from a larger unit to a smaller unit |
| 4.M.B | A | Geometric Measurement: Understand concepts of angle and measure angles |
| 4.DL.A | A |
Organize data and understand data visualizations |
| 4.DL.B | S |
Represent and interpret data |
| 4.G.A | A |
Draw and identify lines and angles, and classify shapes by properties of their lines and angles |
Required Fluencies in Grade 4
4.NBT.B.4 Add and subtract within 1,000,000
Major, Supporting, and Additional Clusters
Emphases are given at the cluster level. Refer to the New Jersey Student Learning Standards for Mathematics for the specific standards that fall within each cluster.
Key: M — Major, S — Supporting Clusters, A — Additional Clusters
| Indicator | Type | Cluster Heading |
|---|---|---|
| 5.OA.A | A | Write and interpret numerical expressions |
| 5.OA.B | A | Analyze patterns and relationships |
| 5.NBT.A | M | Understand the place value system |
| 5.NBT.B | M | Perform operations with multi-digit whole numbers and with decimals to hundredths |
| 5.NF.A | M | Use equivalent fractions as a strategy to add and subtract fractions |
| 5.NF.B | M | Apply and extend previous understandings of multiplication and division to multiply and divide fractions |
| 5.M.A | S | Convert like measurement units within a given measurement system |
| 5.M.B | M | Geometric Measurement: Understand concepts of volume and relate volume to multiplication and addition |
| 5.DL.A | A | Understand and analyze data visualizations |
| 5.DL.B | S | Represent and interpret data |
| 5.G.A | A | Graph points on the coordinate plane to solve real-world and mathematical problems |
| 5.G.B | A | Classify two-dimensional figures into categories based on their properties |
Required Fluencies in Grade 5
5.NBT.B.5 Multiply multi-digit whole numbers using the standard algorithm
Major, Supporting, and Additional Clusters
Emphases are given at the cluster level. Refer to the New Jersey Student Learning Standards for Mathematics for the specific standards that fall within each cluster.
Key: M — Major, S — Supporting Clusters, A — Additional Clusters
| Indicator | Type | Cluster Heading |
|---|---|---|
| 6.RP.A | M | Understand ratio concepts and use ratio reasoning to solve problems |
| 6.NS.A | M | Apply and extend previous understandings of multiplication and division to multiply and divide fractions |
| 6.NS.B | A | Compute fluently with multi-digit numbers and find common factors and multiples |
| 6.NS.C | M | Apply and extend previous understandings of numbers to the system of rational numbers |
| 6.EE.A | M | Apply and extend previous understandings of arithmetic to algebraic expressions |
| 6.EE.B | M | Reason about and solve one-variable equations and inequalities |
| 6.EE.C | M | Represent and analyze quantitative relationships between dependent and independent variables |
| 6.G.A | S | Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving area, surface area, and volume |
| 6.SP.A | A | Develop understanding of statistical variability |
| 6.SP.B | A | Summarize and describe distributions |
Required Fluencies in Grade 6
6.NS.B.2 Divide multi-digit whole numbers using the standard algorithm
6.NS.B.3 Add, subtract, multiply and divide multi-digit decimals using the standard algorithm for each operation
Major, Supporting, and Additional Clusters
Emphases are given at the cluster level. Refer to the New Jersey Student Learning Standards for Mathematics for the specific standards that fall within each cluster.
Key: M — Major, S — Supporting Clusters, A — Additional Clusters
| Indicator | Type | Cluster Heading |
|---|---|---|
| 7.RP.A | M | Analyze proportional relationships and use them to solve real-world and mathematical problems |
| 7.NS.A | M | Apply and extend previous understandings of operations with fractions to add, subtract, multiply and divide rational numbers |
| 7.EE.A | M | Use properties of operations to generate equivalent expressions |
| 7.EE.B | M | Solve real-life and mathematical problems using numerical and algebraic expressions and equations |
| 7.G.A | A | Draw, construct and describe geometrical figures and describe the relationships between them |
| 7.G.B | A | Solve real-life and mathematical problems involving angle measure, area, surface area and volume |
| 7.SP.A | S | Use random sampling to draw inferences about a population |
| 7.SP.B | A | Draw informal comparative inferences about two populations |
| 7.SP.C | S | Investigate chance processes and develop, use, and evaluate probability models. |
Required Fluencies in Grade 7
7.EE.B.4a Solve equations of the form $px+q=r$ and $p(x+q)=r$.
Major, Supporting, and Additional Clusters
Emphases are given at the cluster level. Refer to the New Jersey Student Learning Standards for Mathematics for the specific standards that fall within each cluster.
Key: M — Major, S — Supporting Clusters, A — Additional Clusters
| Indicator | Type | Cluster Heading |
|---|---|---|
| 8.NS.A | S | Know that there are numbers that are not rational, and approximate them by rational numbers |
| 8.EE.A | M | Work with radicals and integer exponents |
| 8.EE.B | M | Understand the connections between proportional relationships, lines, and linear equations |
| 8.EE.C | M | Analyze and solve linear equations and pairs of simultaneous linear equations |
| 8.F.A | M | Define, evaluate and compare functions |
| 8.F.B | M | Use functions to model relationships between quantities |
| 8.G.A | M | Understand congruence and similarity using physical models, transparencies, or geometry software |
| 8.G.B | M | Understand and apply the Pythagorean Theorem |
| 8.G.C | A | Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving volume of cylinders, cones and spheres. |
| 8.SP.A | S | Investigate patterns of association in bivariate data |
| Grades | Topic |
|---|---|
| K–2 | Addition and subtraction — concepts, skills, and problem solving; place value |
| 3–5 | Multiply and divide whole numbers and fractions — concepts, skills, & problem solving |
| 6 | Ratios and proportional relationships; early expressions and equations |
| 7 | Ratios and proportional relationships; arithmetic of rational numbers |
| 8 | Linear algebra and linear functions |
